The NSW year 12 economics exam is a high-stakes three-hour test of concepts such as inflation, free trade, and unemployment.
Considered one of the hardest exams in the NSW Higher School Certificate, it is designed to stretch even the best students.
The 2025 exam posed a challenge not just for students, but also for artificial intelligence models and professional economists.
We asked AI and Australia's top economists to answer the 10 hardest questions from the exam.
Test yourself in our interactive quiz.
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Author's summary: AI and economists face off in HSC economics exam quiz.