Stalagmites adhere to a single mathematical rule, scientists discover

Stalagmites Adhere to a Single Mathematical Rule

Scientists have discovered that all stalagmites growing from cave floors follow a mathematical rule that explains how these mineral formations develop into different shapes.

A new study, to be published the week of Oct, reveals that the diverse shapes of stalagmites can be explained by a single parameter. According to study co-author Piotr Szymczak, a physicist at the University of Warsaw:

"It turns out that the rich diversity of stalagmite shapes can be explained by one simple parameter. This is a rare case where the beauty we see in nature corresponds directly to a clean mathematical law."

The new mathematical descriptions could help scientists extract more accurate data about past climate conditions.

Author's summary: Scientists discover stalagmites follow a single mathematical rule.

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Live Science Live Science — 2025-10-16

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