Australia’s Marine Havens Facing Extreme Conditions by 2040
New research warns that by 2040, even Australia’s most protected marine parks will encounter extreme ocean heat, acidification, and oxygen depletion. These ocean changes, previously considered severe, are expected to become the norm across much of Australia's marine environment, including within its carefully managed Marine Protected Areas (MPAs).
Study Findings and Impact
A study led by the University of the Sunshine Coast (UniSC), published in Earth’s Future, reveals that by 2040 Australia’s marine sanctuaries will likely experience ocean conditions that were once rare and extreme.
“This unprecedented scenario will create warmer, more acidic waters with reduced oxygen levels, and will expose ecosystems to more frequent and intense marine heatwaves,” said Alice Pidd, lead author and PhD researcher in quantitative marine ecology at UniSC.
Research Approach
The team modelled future ocean scenarios based on different climate pathways, including a conservative estimate of a 1.8°C global temperature rise by the end of this century.
Consequences for Marine Biodiversity
- Warmer water temperatures threaten marine species' survival.
- Increased ocean acidification affects shell-forming organisms.
- Lower oxygen levels reduce habitat quality.
- More frequent and severe marine heatwaves stress ecosystems.
The findings paint a concerning picture for the resilience of Australia’s marine biodiversity within its most protected areas.
Author’s summary: Australia’s best-protected marine parks are on track to face unprecedented ocean warming, acidity, and oxygen loss by 2040, threatening marine ecosystems despite conservation efforts.